| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Hurricane Emilia (1994) ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Hurricane Emilia (1994)
Hurricane Emilia was, at the time, the strongest tropical cyclone on record in the central Pacific Ocean, and the first of such to be classified as a Category 5 hurricane – the highest rating on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. However, hurricanes Gilma later that year and Ioke in 2006 later reached lower barometric pressures in the Central Pacific. The fifth named storm and the first of three Category 5 hurricanes of the 1994 hurricane season, Emilia developed from an area of low pressure southeast of Hawaii on July 16. Tracking westward, the initial tropical depression intensified into a tropical storm several hours after tropical cyclogenesis. Subsequently, Emilia entered Central Pacific Ocean and moved into the area of responsibility of the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC).
After reaching hurricane intensity the following day, the tropical cyclone began to rapidly intensify, and late on July 17, Emilia reached its record peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 160 mph (260 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 926 mbar (hPa; 27.34 inHg), rating it as a Category 5 hurricane. After slight oscillations in strength, and upper-level trough forced the intense hurricane northwest on July 21, and Emilia began to weaken thereafter. The tropical cyclone encountered an area of vertical wind shear and cool sea surface temperatures, which further weakened the system. The following day, Emilia made its closest approach to the Big Island of Hawaii, but subsequently weakened to below hurricane intensity. This weakening trend continued, and the tropical cyclone fully dissipated on July 25. Though the hurricane per se did not make landfall, Emilia brought strong surf to the islands of Hawaii and caused gusty winds, which resulted in some property damage. Precipitation was also reported, but remained under moderate levels.
== Meteorological history ==
On June 29, a weak tropical wave exited the west African coast and traversed the Atlantic with no signs of organization or convective activity. Moving within the Intertropical Convergence Zone, the tropical disturbance remained inactive until July 14, when it developed into an area of low pressure roughly east-southeast of the Hawaiian Islands. A low-level circulation was present, and a tropical depression is believed to have formed on July 17 due to increasing organization. Later, satellite imagery suggested that the system had intensified to Tropical Storm Emilia with 40 mph (65 km/h) sustained winds. Emilia steadily strengthened to a minimal hurricane, moving west-northwest.〔 It crossed 140°W and entered the Central Pacific Hurricane Center's (CPHC) area of responsibility, which noted that Emilia was "well developed." Emilia attained winds of 100 mph (160 km/h), which marked the beginning of a rapid intensification period.〔〔 Maximum sustained winds increased from 115 mph (185 km/h) on July 17 to 160 mph (260 km/h) late on July 19, which was a period of 42 hours.〔 At the time, an Air Force reconnaissance aircraft measured a minimum central pressure of 926 mbar (27.34 inHg) and maximum winds of 160 mph (260 km/h), hinting that the storm has reached peak intensity.
On July 20, Emilia briefly weakened to a Category 4 hurricane, but it re-intensified to Category 5 status 12 hours later during the day.〔 Subsequently, Emilia began to weaken for the final time. An upper-level trough in the westerlies caused the cyclone to turn northwest on July 21.〔〔 Emilia moved over progressively cooler waters, and vertical wind shear from the westerlies negatively impacted the hurricane.〔 The central pressure steadily rose to 965 mbar (28.50 inHg), and Emilia diminished to a marginal Category 3 hurricane.〔 On July 22, Emilia continued to weaken, and it passed within of the Big Island.〔 It was the closest approach to the islands.〔 Later, the peak winds dropped to 75 mph (120 km/h).〔 Emilia gradually turned west-northwest, and the circulation moved with the trade winds.〔 Emilia weakened to a tropical depression on July 24,〔 and a remnant swirl of stratocumulus clouds was noted.〔 The system dissipated on the same day.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Hurricane Emilia (1994)」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|